A man walks into a restaurant, and orders seven cheeseburgers for dinner.
Still hungry an hour later, he orders eight more.
After just another hour, he looks into his wallet, and sees that he has enough money to order yet nine more.
He motions to the waiter, and prepares to order nine burgers. Just as he’s about to make his request, he thinks about the prudence of ordering nine more sandwiches.
He says to himself, “I have a concern that this amount is too much, and so I will opt to order fewer than nine burgers, to reduce the amount of my eating.”
And so, satisfied with his new commitment to moderation, he orders eight burgers, rather than nine.