Good morning.

It’s a partly cloudy day in store for Whitewater, with a high temperature of fifty-eight. It’s the first day of fall, and growing a bit darker each each day, with recent days having about two minutes less daylight than the previous ones.

Comment Forum’s off this weekend, but back next Friday. For this weekend, a post featuring a musical premiere, among others.

I’ve warned readers before about the dangers of chimpanzees, and there’s yet more evidence of how truly rotten they are: Unlike Humans, Chimpanzees Don’t Enjoy Collaborating. Forget all those silly videos where they ride tricycles, or wear a coat and tie – they’re not only violent, they’re even uncooperative with their own kind:

When it benefits them, chimpanzees willingly work together. Otherwise, they can’t be bothered. For humans, collaboration is rewarding for its own sake, a behavioral split that may underlie key differences between human and chimpanzee societies. Primate researchers, working with semi-free ranging chimpanzees at a sanctuary in Uganda, found chimpanzees recruit a helping partner only if it gets them more food than they’d get alone. The study, described in Animal Behavior, Sept. 7, is part of a current trend in primatology to unpick how motivation and mental state affects an animal’s interactions.

For more on chimpanzees’ many dangers, see my earlier post, Chimpanzees: Cuddly Primates or Vicious Killers? Vicious Killers! more >>

Good morning.

For Whitewater today: a partly cloudy day, fifty eight degrees, and a waning crescent moon.

On this day in 1862, after the Battle of Antietam, President Lincoln issued the Emancipation Proclamation. He first issued a preliminary proclamation, and a final version took effect on January 1, 1863. The New York Times website links to an NYT report of the announcement.

By the President of the United States of America.

A Proclamation.

I, Abraham Lincoln, President of the United States of America, and Commander-in-Chief of the Army and Navy thereof, do hereby proclaim and declare that hereafter, as heretofore, the war will be prosecuted for the object of practically restoring the constitutional relation between the United States, and each of the States, and the people thereof, in which States that relation is, or may be, suspended or disturbed.

That it is my purpose, upon the next meeting of Congress to again recommend the adoption of a practical measure tendering pecuniary aid to the free acceptance or rejection of all slave States, so called, the people whereof may not then be in rebellion against the United States and which States may then have voluntarily adopted, or thereafter may voluntarily adopt, immediate or gradual abolishment of slavery within their respective limits; and that the effort to colonize persons of African descent, with their consent, upon this continent, or elsewhere, with the previously obtained consent of the Governments existing there, will be continued.

That on the first day of January in the year of our Lord, one thousand eight hundred and sixty-three, all persons held as slaves within any State, or designated part of a State, the people whereof shall then be in rebellion against the United States shall be then, thenceforward, and forever free; and the executive government of the United States, including the military and naval authority thereof, will recognize and maintain the freedom of such persons, and will do no act or acts to repress such persons, or any of them, in any efforts they may make for their actual freedom.

That the executive will, on the first day of January aforesaid, by proclamation, designate the States, and part of States, if any, in which the people thereof respectively, shall then be in rebellion against the United States; and the fact that any State, or the people thereof shall, on that day be, in good faith represented in the Congress of the United States, by members chosen thereto, at elections wherein a majority of the qualified voters of such State shall have participated, shall, in the absence of strong countervailing testimony, be deemed conclusive evidence that such State and the people thereof, are not then in rebellion against the United States.

That attention is hereby called to an Act of Congress entitled “An Act to make an additional Article of War” approved March 13, 1862, and which act is in the words and figure following:

“Be it enacted by the Senate and House of Representatives of the United States of America in Congress assembled, That hereafter the following shall be promulgated as an additional article of war for the government of the army of the United States, and shall be obeyed and observed as such:

“Article-All officers or persons in the military or naval service of the United States are prohibited from employing any of the forces under their respective commands for the purpose of returning fugitives from service or labor, who may have escaped from any persons to whom such service or labor is claimed to be due, and any officer who shall be found guilty by a court martial of violating this article shall be dismissed from the service.

“Sec.2. And be it further enacted, That this act shall take effect from and after its passage.”
Also to the ninth and tenth sections of an act entitled “An Act to suppress Insurrection, to punish Treason and Rebellion, to seize and confiscate property of rebels, and for other purposes,” approved July 17, 1862, and which sections are in the words and figures following:

“Sec.9. And be it further enacted, That all slaves of persons who shall hereafter be engaged in rebellion against the government of the United States, or who shall in any way give aid or comfort thereto, escaping from such persons and taking refuge within the lines of the army; and all slaves captured from such persons or deserted by them and coming under the control of the government of the United States; and all slaves of such persons found on (or) being within any place occupied by rebel forces and afterwards occupied by the forces of the United States, shall be deemed captives of war, and shall be forever free of their servitude and not again held as slaves.

“Sec.10. And be it further enacted, That no slave escaping into any State, Territory, or the District of Columbia, from any other State, shall be delivered up, or in any way impeded or hindered of his liberty, except for crime, or some offence against the laws, unless the person claiming said fugitive shall first make oath that the person to whom the labor or service of such fugitive is alleged to be due is his lawful owner, and has not borne arms against the United States in the present rebellion, nor in any way given aid and comfort thereto; and no person engaged in the military or naval service of the United States shall, under any pretence whatever, assume to decide on the validity of the claim of any person to the service or labor of any other person, or surrender up any such person to the claimant, on pain of being dismissed from the service.”

And I do hereby enjoin upon and order all persons engaged in the military and naval service of the United States to observe, obey, and enforce, within their respective spheres of service, the act, and sections above recited.
And the executive will in due time recommend that all citizens of the United States who shall have remained loyal thereto throughout the rebellion, shall (upon the restoration of the constitutional relation between the United States, and their respective States, and people, if that relation shall have been suspended or disturbed) be compensated for all losses by acts of the United States, including the loss of slaves.

In witness whereof, I have hereunto set my hand, and caused the seal of the United States to be affixed.
Done at the City of Washington this twenty-second day of September, in the year of our Lord, one thousand, eight hundred and sixty-two, and of the Independence of the United States the eighty seventh.

[Signed:] Abraham Lincoln
By the President [Signed:] William H. Seward
Secretary of State

There’s a recent, related post also at the Times, about historians’ upward revision of the number of Americans who died in the Civil War, entitled Recounting the Dead:

Even as Civil War history has gone through several cycles of revision, one thing has remained fixed: the number of dead. Since about 1900, historians and the general public have assumed that 618,222 men died on both sides. That number is probably a significant undercount, however. New estimates, based on Census data, indicate that the death toll was approximately 750,000, and may have been as high as 850,000.

Hard to fathom, for a war noted for huge losses, yet true: the war was a harder and more painful conflict than conventionally acknowledged. more >>

Good morning.

It’s a partly cloudy day ahead for Whitewater, with a high temperature of sixty-eight.

The Wisconsin Historical Society recalls that on this day in 1962, in nearby Janesville, that town’s oldest mill closed:

On this date Janesville’s oldest manufacturer, Rock River Woolen Mills, ceased operation after 113 years. The company moved to Texas. Started in 1849 as Monterey Water Power Mill, the mills initially produced fine yarns, flannels and cashmere. [Source: Janesville Gazette]

Today, in nearby Fort Atkinson, it’s Alzheimer’s Action Day:

To commemorate the day, the Alzheimer’s Association of Southeastern Wisconsin is inviting residents within its 11 county service area to attend a variety of free educational programs and activities.

In Jefferson, Dodge and Walworth Counties, the Alzheimer’s Association of Southeastern Wisconsin is joining forces with Fort Memorial Hospital to build awareness of brain health.

Join us for FREE educational presentations and ice cream sundaes with brain healthy toppings. Challenge your memory with brain games, and get some tips for a brain healthy lifestyle!

1:00 – 2:00 pm “Know the 10 Signs – Early Detection Matters” – a free presentation by Bonnie Beam-Stratz, Community Outreach Coordinator, Alzheimer’s Association in the Auditorium at Fort Memorial Hospital.

2:00 – 3:00 pm Join us for an Ice Cream Social in the Steel Away Cafe at Fort Memorial Hospital

3:30 – 5:30 pm “Maximize Your Memory” – a free presentation by Bonnie Beam-Stratz, Community Outreach Coordinator, Alzheimer’s Association in the Auditorium at Fort Memorial Hospital

Location:
Fort Memorial Hospital
611 Sherman Ave, East
Fort Atkinson